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1. Fitness (biology)
   Fitness (biology) Fitness is a very central concept in evolutionary theory. It measures the capability of an individual of certain genotype to reproduce, and usually it equals to the proportion of the individual's genes of all the genes of the next generation. If there are differences in individual genotypes which affect
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2. Fitness
   Fitness Fitness in biology refers to individual's ability to propagate its genes. Fitness (optimization) in mathematics and computer science refers to the degree to which a given function is optimized or maximized. Physical fitness refers to a general state of good somatic health and abilities, usually as a result of exercise
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3. Fitness landscape
   Fitness landscape The concept of a fitness landscape is used to visualize the relationship between genotypes (or phenotypes) and replicatory success in evolutionary biology. It is assumed that every genotype has a well defined replication rate (often referred to as fitness). The set of all possible genotypes and their related fitness
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4. Fitness proportionate selection
   Fitness proportionate selection Fitness proportionate selection, also known as roulette wheel selection, is a genetic operator used in genetic algorithms for selecting potentially useful solutions for recombination. In fitness proportionate selection, as in all selection methods, possible solutions or chromosomes are assigned a fitness by the fitness function. In fitness proportionate
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5. Fitness function
   Fitness function A fitness function quantifies the optimality of a solution (that is, a chromosome) in a genetic algorithm. An ideal fitness function correlates closely with the algorithm's goal and yet may be computed quickly. A fitness function is sometimes referred to as an objective function in the context of genetic
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6. Physical fitness
   Physical fitness The notion of physical fitness is used in two close meanings. Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Task-oriented fitness 2 General fitness 3 Related topics Task-oriented fitness A person may be said to be physically fit to perform a particular task with a reasonable efficiency, for example, fit for military service.
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7. Military Fitness
   Military Fitness In recent years, Military Style Fitness has become increasingly popular among civilians. Courses for Military Style Fitness are available all over the US and Europe. They are usually taught by ex-military. Very often the instructors held highly regarded positions within various military organizations. Often times the instructors were formally Drill
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8. Kettler
   Kettler Kettler is a German company based in Ense-Parsit. The company produces fitness and leisure equipment. They operate in 60 countries and as of 2003 employ over 3000 people. The company was founded by Heinz Kettler in 1949. They have operated in the United States since 1981. This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by fixing it.
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9. Kohen
   the laws relating to the pedigrees of priests, and even established similar requirements for the women they married. Proof of a spotless pedigree was absolutely necessary for admission to priestly service, and any one unable beyond all doubt to establish 2000 it was excluded from the priesthood. Unless a woman's pedigree was known to be unimpeachable, a priest, before marrying her, was required to examine it for four generations on both sides, in case she was of priestly lineage; for five generations if she was not of priestly descent. Neither might a priest marry a proselyte or a freedwoman. Regarding a daughter
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10. Kuru epidemic
    died from Kuru. The vast majority of victims among the South Fore were women. In fact, eight times more women than men contracted the disease. It later affected small children and the elderly at a high rate as well. It is currently believed that Kuru was transmitted among the South Fore through participation in such cannibalism. Upon the death of an individual, the maternal kin were in charge of the dismemberment of the corpse. The women would remove the arms and feet, strip the limbs of muscle, remove the brains, and cut open the chest in order to remove internal organs.
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11. J. B. S. Haldane
    such as ectogenesis (the development of fetuses in artificial wombs), also influenced Huxley's Brave New World. He had many students, the most famous of whom, John Maynard Smith, is perhaps also the one most like himself. In one of the last speeches of his life, Biological Possibilities for the Human Species of the Next Ten Thousand Years (1963), Haldane coined the word "clone", from the Greek word for twig. Haldane was a very quotable man. Some of the things he said are probably more famous than he is: The Creator, if He exists, has a special preference for beetles.. This is
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12. Jack Dempsey
    retain the title. Dempsey signed a contract to fight Black contender Harry Wills in 1924, but it never occurred. Promoter Tex Rickard was against the match, remembering the riots that occurred after Rickard promoted the James Jeffries versus Jack Johnson bout and fearing a racial repercussion after a bout between Dempsey and a Black opponent. He got married to actress Estelle Taylor, a Hollywood star, during 1925 and started appearing in some films and doing more exhibition bouts, but he did not defend his title again until 1926. Among those exhibitions, there was a trip to Germany where he and future
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13. Jack LaLanne
    Jack LaLanne Jack LaLanne (born Sept. 26, 1914) is a fitness and nutritional guru, celebrity, lecturer, and motivational speaker. As a child he claims to have been sickly, but later sought professional help and, through motivation, change of diet, and exercise, gained excellent health in a short amount of time. He originally planned to enter the field of medicine;
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14. Jim Fixx
    Jim Fixx James F. Fixx was born on April 23, 1932, he was the author of the 1977 best-selling book, The Complete Book of Running. Best known as Jim Fixx, he is credited with helping start America's fitness revolution, popularizing the sport of running and demonstrating the health benefits of regular jogging. In 1980 he published a follow up book titled Jim Fixx's Second Book of Running: The Companion Volume to The Complete Book of Running. In
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15. Jonathon Prandi
    Jonathon Prandi Jonathon Prandi Jonathon Prandi is an American male model and actor. He was born in Kalamazoo, Michigan on August 11, 1972) and grew up in Miami, FLorida. Jonathon Prandi has been modeling for fashion shows and magazines and has appeared in training videos and fitness- and training magazines such as Men's Health, Men's Workout, and Excersice for Men Only. He has also been a Playgirl Centerfold (September 1996), and in 1997 he was Playgirl's "Man of the Year." He has appeared in
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16. July 12
    film director (+ 1962) 1884 - Amedeo Modigliani, painter and sculptor (+ 1920) 1886 - Jean Hersholt, film director, actor (+ 1956) 1892 - Harry Piel, actor, film director and producer (+ 1963) 1895 - Oscar Hammerstein II, lyricist known for his work with Richard Rodgers on various musicals (+ 1960) 1895 - R. Buckminster Fuller, American architect, (+ 1983) 1902 - Günther Anders, philosopher and writer (+ 1992) 1904 - Deng Xiaoping, Chinese politician and leader (+ 1997) 1904 - Pablo Neruda, author, won Nobel Prize for literature in 1971, (+ 1973) 1908 - Milton Berle, comedian (+ 2002) 1909
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17. Juris Doctor
    U.S law school after successfully completing three years of post-graduate law study. Generally, a 4-year undergraduate degree is required to be eligible for entry into a J.D. program. Prior to the practice of law, a J.D. holder is required to be member of the bar association of the state in which he or she intends to practice. Washington, DC is a special case-- it's law is Federal law, and a member of the DC bar may practice Federal law in any state. Admission to a state's bar requires that the applicant either sit for the bar exam in that state and
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18. Iliotibial Band Syndrome
    mileage too quickly can aggravate or cause injury. Anatomical abnormalities such as bowlegs or tightness about the iliotibial band. Short Term Treatment To treat functional problems resulting from poor training: Decrease mileage. Ice knee after activity. Alternate running direction on a pitched surface. Lateral sole wedge (orthotics) to lessen pressure on the knee. Stretching to tolerance. Long Term Treatment To treat structural abnormalities such as a natural tightness in the band: Stretching, especially before working out, to make the band more flexible and less susceptible to injury. In extreme cases, surgery to relieve tightness in the band. Both structural and functional
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19. Imagination
    producing mental images and ideas. The term is technically used in psychology for the process of reviving in the mind percepts of objects formerly given in sense perception. Since this use of the term conflicts with that of ordinary language, some psychologists have preferred to describe this process as "imaging" or "imagery" or to speak of it as "reproductive" as opposed to "productive" or "constructive" imagination. Imagined images are seen with the "mind's eye". One hypothesis for the evolution of human imagination is that it allowed conscious beings to solve problems (and hence increase an individual's fitness) by use of mental
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20. Inbreeding
    Inbreeding Inbreeding is breeding between close relatives. If practised repeatedly, it leads to a reduction in genetic diversity. Inbreeding often leads to reduced health and fitness (called consanguinity depression); however, livestock breeders often practice inbreeding, then cull unfit offspring, especially when they are trying to establish a new and desirable trait in their stock. Within humans, the genetic problems caused by inbreeding is believed to be a factor in
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